Which three systemic diseases are known to lead to nephrotic syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by a combination of significant proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema due to glomerular damage. Certain systemic diseases are known to lead to nephrotic syndrome by causing alterations in glomerular structure and function.

Diabetes mellitus is a well-established cause of nephrotic syndrome, primarily through diabetic nephropathy, which involves damage to the glomeruli due to chronic hyperglycemia and metabolic disturbances associated with diabetes. Over time, this can lead to increased glomerular permeability and the subsequent loss of protein in the urine.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can also cause nephrotic syndrome, particularly through lupus nephritis. This condition is an autoimmune disorder that can lead to immune complex deposition in the kidneys, resulting in glomerular damage and nephrotic syndrome features.

Amyloidosis is another systemic condition known to lead to nephrotic syndrome. In this disease, abnormal protein deposits (amyloid) accumulate in various organs, including the kidneys, leading to glomerular damage and resulting in proteinuria.

These three conditions are specifically linked to the structural and functional changes in the kidneys that drive the development of nephrotic syndrome,