Which symptoms are associated with uremic syndrome in patients with renal failure?

Uremic syndrome occurs in patients with advanced renal failure and is characterized by a range of symptoms due to the accumulation of waste products in the body that the kidneys are unable to excrete.

Drowsiness and lethargy are common as waste accumulation affects neurological function. Asterixis, or the "flapping tremor," is a hallmark neurological sign associated with metabolic disturbances, including those seen in uremia. Nausea is prevalent due to gastrointestinal irritation from uremic toxins, and gastrointestinal symptoms are often compounded by the patient’s overall poor health status.

A pericardial friction rub is a specific sign indicating pericarditis, which can develop due to uremia as toxins accumulate and cause inflammation. These symptoms collectively highlight the serious systemic effects of uremic syndrome.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the typical symptoms associated with uremic syndrome. Weight loss, polyuria, and fever may occur in various conditions but are not distinctive features of uremic syndrome. Hypertension, hematuria, and proteinuria are signs of kidney injury but do not capture the systemic manifestations seen in uremia. Jaundice, pruritus, and fatigue might arise from liver dysfunction or