Which laboratory findings would likely be seen in DIC?

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex disorder characterized by the widespread activation of the coagulation cascade, leading to the consumption of platelets and clotting factors. In DIC, the essential laboratory findings include a decreased level of fibrinogen and elevated levels of D-dimer.

The decrease in fibrinogen occurs due to its consumption as it is converted into fibrin during clot formation. As more fibrin is produced and subsequently broken down, the levels of D-dimer increase, reflecting the heightened fibrinolytic activity in response to clotting. This results in an accumulation of fibrin degradation products in circulation, which is precisely what is indicated by elevated D-dimer levels.

This combination of decreased fibrinogen and elevated D-dimer is characteristic of DIC and helps in differentiating it from other coagulopathies. Understanding these specific laboratory findings is crucial in diagnosing and managing DIC effectively.