Which health population is particularly susceptible to urinary tract infections?

Pregnant women are particularly susceptible to urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to several physiological changes that occur during pregnancy. As the uterus enlarges, it can exert pressure on the bladder, leading to incomplete bladder emptying and urinary stasis, which increases the risk of bacteria proliferating in the urinary tract. The hormonal changes during pregnancy, particularly increased levels of progesterone, can also lead to relaxation of the urinary tract muscles and dilatation of the ureters, making it easier for bacteria to ascend from the bladder to the kidneys.

Additionally, the immune system undergoes alterations during pregnancy, which can affect the body's ability to fight off infections. These factors together create a favorable environment for the development of UTIs, making pregnant women more vulnerable than the general population. Screening and treatment for UTIs during pregnancy are crucial, as untreated infections can lead to complications such as pyelonephritis and adverse pregnancy outcomes.