Which electrolyte is typically increased in tumor lysis syndrome?

In tumor lysis syndrome, rapid cell turnover occurs due to the breakdown of malignant cells, especially after the initiation of treatment for certain cancers like leukemias and lymphomas. This cellular lysis releases intracellular contents into the bloodstream. One of the primary electrolytes that increase significantly in this process is potassium.

As tumor cells break down, they release their intracellular potassium stores, which can lead to hyperkalemia. Elevated potassium levels can cause serious complications, including cardiac arrhythmias, if not managed promptly. Additionally, tumor lysis syndrome also results in increased levels of uric acid and phosphate, but the question specifically addresses the electrolyte that is typically increased, which points to potassium as the key electrolyte affected during this syndrome.

Understanding the mechanism behind tumor lysis syndrome is critical, as it highlights the importance of monitoring serum electrolytes in high-risk patients and underscores the need for preventive measures, such as hydration and allopurinol, to mitigate these potential complications.