What is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock?

Epinephrine 1:1000 is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock due to its potent effects on the body that counteract the severe allergic reaction. Anaphylaxis is characterized by rapid onset of symptoms such as airway constriction, hypotension, and hives, which can lead to life-threatening complications.

Epinephrine works by stimulating alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in vasoconstriction, increased cardiac output, and bronchodilation. This helps restore blood pressure and improve airway patency, directly addressing the critical symptoms of anaphylaxis. Administering epinephrine quickly is essential, as delays can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.

The other treatments listed, while important in managing allergic reactions or other conditions, do not address the immediate threats posed by anaphylaxis. For instance, diphenhydramine is an antihistamine and can help with mild allergic reactions but does not provide the rapid reversal of life-threatening symptoms. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that can aid in reducing inflammation in the long term but is not effective in the acute setting of anaphylaxis. Atropine may counteract some bradycardic effects but does not help with airway obstruction or vascular collapse seen in