What is the chromosomal pattern associated with a complete mole?

A complete hydatidiform mole is characterized by a specific chromosomal pattern typically exhibiting a diploid set of chromosomes, specifically 46,XX. This occurs because a complete mole arises from the fertilization of an empty ovum (an ovum with no chromosomal contribution from the mother) by a sperm that duplicates its genetic material, leading to an entirely paternal genome.

In the case of a complete mole, all the genetic material is from the father, which explains the predominance of paternal chromosomes and the absence of maternal contributions. This chromosomal pattern is often associated with abnormal trophoblastic tissue proliferation and presents clinical challenges, such as the risk of developing gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.

In contrast, other chromosomal patterns such as 45,X, 47,XY,+21, and 46,XY may indicate other conditions, including Turner syndrome, Down syndrome, and a complete mole with a partial paternal contribution (not a complete mole). Therefore, the correct identification of 46,XX aligns with the defining characteristics of a complete mole.