What is considered the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome?

Iatrogenic corticosteroid administration is considered the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome. This form of Cushing's is often a result of the therapeutic use of glucocorticoids in the management of various conditions, such as autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders, or certain malignancies. The exogenous administration of corticosteroids leads to increased cortisol levels in the body, thus mimicking the physiological effects of Cushing's syndrome.

The high prevalence of this cause is particularly relevant in clinical practice, as many patients are treated with glucocorticoids. It is essential for clinicians to consider this potential source of Cushing's syndrome when evaluating patients with associated symptoms, such as weight gain, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and changes in skin appearance.

Understanding the role of iatrogenic factors helps clinicians differentiate between various causes of Cushing's syndrome and guiding appropriate management strategies, including either tapering off corticosteroids or addressing the underlying condition that necessitated glucocorticoid use.