What is a common side effect of prolonged corticosteroid therapy?

Prolonged corticosteroid therapy is commonly associated with weight gain due to several physiological effects of these medications. Corticosteroids can lead to increased appetite, alterations in metabolism, and fat redistribution, resulting in central obesity or "moon facies."

Additionally, corticosteroids promote gluconeogenesis and may lead to insulin resistance, which can further contribute to weight gain over time. This side effect is particularly relevant for patients receiving long-term therapy, as they may experience significant changes in their body composition.

The other potential effects, such as hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, and bradycardia, are less commonly associated with prolonged corticosteroid use. In fact, corticosteroids can often cause hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia and typically do not affect potassium levels or heart rate in the way described. Thus, weight gain stands out as a significant and frequent consequence of ongoing corticosteroid therapy.